The turnouts with rail types are meticulously categorized as follows: 8 kg/m, 12 kg/m, 15 kg/m, 18 kg/m, 22 kg/m, 24 kg/m, 30 kg/m, 38 kg/m, 43 kg/m, 50 kg/m, and 60 kg/m. Additionally, they are divided by number into: No. 2, No. 3, No. 4, No. 5, No. 6, No. 7, No. 8, No. 9, No. 12, etc. These versatile turnouts can be classified into single switch, symmetrical switch, triple switch, compound switch, cross-crossing switch, and cross-crossing combination switch, among others. A turnout is an essential line-connecting mechanism that enables locomotives and vehicles to transition seamlessly from one track to another. These turnouts are predominantly installed in large quantities at key locations such as stations and marshalling yards, thereby significantly boosting the efficiency and capacity of the rail system. By strategically placing turnouts, even a single track can be optimized to its fullest potential. By utilizing a turnout with a fork longer than the train itself, smooth and efficient train switching is achieved, greatly enhancing the overall functionality and flexibility of the railway network.