Turnouts with rail types are categorized as follows: 8 kg/m, 12 kg/m, 15 kg/m, 18 kg/m, 22 kg/m, 24 kg/m, 30 kg/m, 38 kg/m, 43 kg/m, 50 kg/m, and 60 kg/m. Additionally, turnouts are classified by type numbers: No. 2, No. 3, No. 4, No. 5, No. 6, No. 7, No. 8, No. 9, and No. 12, among others. These turnouts can be further divided into various types such as single switch, symmetrical switch, triple switch, compound switch, cross-crossing switch, and cross-crossing combination switch. A turnout is an essential piece of line-connecting equipment, allowing locomotives and vehicles to transition seamlessly from one track to another. These turnouts are primarily installed in large numbers at stations and marshalling yards, significantly boosting the efficiency and capacity of the rail system. With strategically placed turnouts, even a single track can maximize its utility. By incorporating a turnout with a fork longer than the train itself, smooth switching of trains is achieved, thereby elevating the overall functionality and adaptability of the railway network.