The turnouts equipped with various rail types are meticulously categorized as follows: 8 kg/m, 12 kg/m, 15 kg/m, 18 kg/m, 22 kg/m, 24 kg/m, 30 kg/m, 38 kg/m, 43 kg/m, 50 kg/m, and 60 kg/m. Additionally, the turnouts are classified by type number: No. 2, No. 3, No. 4, No. 5, No. 6, No. 7, No. 8, No. 9, No. 12, etc. These can further be divided into single switch, symmetrical switch, triple switch, compound switch, cross-crossing switch, and cross-crossing combination switch. A turnout is an essential piece of line-connecting equipment, enabling locomotives and vehicles to transition seamlessly from one track to another. Predominantly installed in large quantities at stations and marshalling yards, these turnouts significantly boost the rail system's efficiency and capacity. Through strategic placement, even a single track can maximize its potential. By integrating a turnout with a fork longer than the train, it allows for effortless switching of trains, thereby enhancing the railway network's overall functionality and flexibility.